Articulated truck.



J. Nl. ROHLFING.

ARTICULATED TRUCK.

APPLIATVIoN FILED MAY23.1914.

Patented May 23,1916.

SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NN www o o oo oo l... .HHHHHU H x I Th1.

1. M. ROHLFING.. ARTICULATED TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23. 1914.

Patented May 23, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

...lill-IIII...

JH. m

I. M. ROHLFING.

ARTICULATED TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAYzs. Ism.

Patented May 23, y1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- 'zza Jaz@

- as will enable others skilled in the art yto JOHN' M.- ROHLFING, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSGNOR TO AMERICAN CAR AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ARTICUIATED TRUCK.

speciacationof Letters Patent. Patented. May 23, 1916,

Application filed May 23, 1914. Serial No. 840,551.

Articulated Trucks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such which it appertains tomake and to use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the preferred form of the invention, though it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the. exact details of construction Shown and described, as it is obvious that various modifications thereof will occur to pfrson's Skilled in the aa.

In said drawings: Figure 1 is a. plan view of the improved articulated truck. Fig. 2 is 4'a side elevation of a vtwin hopper' car body mounted upon the articulated truck. Fig. 3 is aside elevation of the central truck member, partly broken away to, show more clearly the action of the equalizers. Fig. 4 is' a transverse sectional view of the central truckmember, taken on line l--l of Fig.` 1.-

Fig. 5 is a detail view of one of the roller' containers secured to the end of the central truck member. Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view, illustrating the relationship ofthe center and end truck members,

- and details :of construction thereof.A Fig. 7

is a central logitudinal section of the parts shown in Fig. 6, and is taken on line 7-7 of that figure. Fig. 8'is a detail transverse section'through one of the bearing plate castings carried by the end truck members.

Fig 9 is a fragmentary plan view, showing one ofthe forward corners of one of the end truck members. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of thesame. Fig. 11 is a detail transverse sectional view taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 10. Fig. l2 is a similar view but taken on line 12-12, of Fig.A 10. Fig. 13 is a plan view of an associated pair of thev pedestals carried by the end truck members. Fig. 14 is a plan View of one of the middle pairs of pedestals'carried by the central truck meml bers. Fig. 15 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 16 is a side elevation of the pedestals shown at the left in Fig. 15; and Fig. 17 is a side elevation of the pedestal shown at the right.

r.The articulated truck herein disclosed is ohf'substantial and rugged construction, and,

is provided with a'comparatively large number of lwheels and axles, distributed throughout a long wheel base, whereby the truck may easily take any curve, and also equalize poraneously with this, and covering a hopper car with articulated truck, I have shown the truck herein set f orth, and the application of that type of car furnishes an apt illustration of many ofthe advantages derived from the use of this .type of truck. -And particularly with reference to having predeterminedly spaced apart unrestricted discharge openings in the end truck members. Not only is there a .conservation of the track rails secured, but there is less wear and tear on wheel flanges, journals and bearings, etc., and less motive power is re. quired to move a given load. The method of equalizing enables the several axles to be independent of each other, resulting in easy running over uneven tracks, Whilel the mode of supporting and guiding a'car body by castings containing rollers and guiding slots, and which castings are sustained byV the truck, contributes to the smooth moving of the truck and car bodyasa combination. As it is composed of commercial steel shapes, and a few comparatively small castings, the truck is relatively inexpensive to construct and to keep in repair. And the parts are readily accessible for such repair and inspection. l

Severe shocks, ordinarily present and due to the swaying of a carbody, are eliminated by the arrangement of the points of sup-A port, which prevent oscillation of the car body. This is a highly important feature as it lessens the possibility of derailment.

Referring now to the drawing, the formA vof the articulated trunk shown comprises a central or intermediate truck member A adapted to have laterallnovement with rev Spedi, t@ Cai-body, indicated at D in dot and dash linesin Fig. i, and in full 'lines in Fig.*2, and oppositely extending end truck 4members 'B and C.

i The threetruck'-fmembers A, B and C have a common I pivotal connection with each other, and each is capable of movement Vin- -truckare provided with Wheels ,17, 'mounted upon "axles '18 which` are revolubley in. .jour- 1 nal boxes 19. The-.central truck-member A,x forming a -part'ial'support .for both 'endfftruck members, is preferably suppliedwithaplu,... v *ralityof Wheels and axles, this fbeing in keepingf'with itsstrength requirements and:

enabling it to bear, its proportienf'ofthe'- loadand 'possess great stabilityljl Y:tjissuii- "cient that 'each end-.truck memberB, landC be vprovided with fa single -pair of'- wheels.v

andan axle, .preferably at vthejj-ougter end of '.1 each, .butfthis statement fis' `'not to bere-- garded as a limitation. Such singlepairs, j

In the central truck member, spring caps 3 3 'areemployed-,j and.: are not directly atta'ched' to the side-frames of. this member, but 4 vare-capableof Vmoving Yfreely ina vertical '19 are retained, 4be-v tween. pedestals 20, 21, 22and 23,are'kept in alinement` thereby, and are vertically slid-` so arranged, act admirably tofguiderthe for- Ward moving end o .the composite. truck structure, and to tr'ail therear end inanon-v resistant manner.

The l journal boxes abletherebetween. Someof pedestals 2 0 are pairedwith 'pedestals 21, and are secured longitudinal members 26 and 27fof 'each to spacedv apartvpa'rallel longitudinal mem- V` be1 s12 6 and V27 whichzmay be channels, andare respectively the vouter .andinner ele--A ments of each of the side frames of thecen#l tral truck members A. Secured also` to these truck'side Each end truck member B and Cl coniprises at'opposite vsides-thereof` side frames j of spaced apart longitudinal members 24 vvand 25 shown as channels, though .not-limited in this respect, which are respectively, "the outer, and inner elements of each side frame of vthese trucks. Atl theouterends of eachfof the side-frames of the lend truck.

members B 'and C, the longitudinal members 24 and 25 are shown as speced farther apart,

this beingusually accomplished by a com- -pound lateral bendingof channel 25. Within each Wider-space, and attached to the interior vertical Walls of saidlongitudinal f' members, are paired'pedestal's 20 and- 22.

the bending of channels l l 1f deslred, and as a 'mat- 25 may be avoide ter of fact, the side frames may .vary widely from the form shown. f

l The pedestals 2O and 22, of the end trucks are connected at thebottom by relatively short tie plates"y 28,' while pedestals 20, 21 and 23'. associated with vthe central truck member side frames, may have `their bottom portions connected-by continuous tie plates 29, each 4spanning the .distance between the yextreme pedestalsofeachfside frame. f Journa boxes 19 are provided on thelr top' surfaces with teats 19, see Fig. 12, whlch serve as positioning means for. springl seats mounted upon said journal boxes.A Restv l sultable capacity, those carried 41n thejseats -@upon vthe Journal boxes located'm the end Within the seats 30 are springs v31 of truck members B and C having spring caps H32, bearing against/their tops, said .spring "caps being fastened toside frame members 24and 25. Thus each'end truck member lis st lpp'orted'v on its separatefpair :of wheels.

The central truck, orttruek'memberA of the articulatedl truck, is formed with spaced sideframes, 'each of which includes a pair of` longitudinally extending channel shaped soms '45.

direction between the longitudinal'I'nem'bers- 1226 and 27 thereof. Upon the springfcaps 33, .are supported equalizers34 two-'of whichx are positioned between the members 26 and 27 of each lofv the central truck, member side v frames/ Q.

Each equalizer 34 rests upon the cap plate 33'of a' pair of springs 31-supported by one' ofthejour'nal boxes -locatedg toward the end of, .the central truckmember'andupon one endl of the '-cap plate 33tl ofthe pair. .of

springs sustained `by' the intermediate jour- -105 nal boxin the same'side frame of thecentral" equalizers .34 between"thel longitudinal members 26 and-27 of each side. frame vwith A' vof yeachv equalizer 434 is a hanger 35,`here v.shown as having an invertedU-shape, and being provided with slots 36, (see Figs. l'3 and 4). In these-slots are. placed vpins 3.7, up'onwhichl bear the longitudinal side frame members 26 and .27, resulting inthe re` s ilient support 'ofthe entire framingof the central truck member upon its several pairs of wheels. 7

slots and pins, as clearly shown in Figs. 3

, .12 vThe shape and .arrangement of the hanger and 4, and the strength -of the materialjfof Whlch the pinsfare constructed, is such that,

the pins37cann'otbe displaced or lost, 'ex-* cept through .improbable breakage.

Because of'. the arrangement ofthe equal- I izers a'nd their associatedfparts the load is jl'f' umformlydlstributed.onall the springs' in.- the centraltruckframe, and -thewheels-"are' permitted easy running over uneven tracks,

i each side frame and spanning the same, is

secured a strong centrally located casting 38,

. both of which castings are designed to rec'eive the pulling and buliing stresses trans? mitted to and from the car body by suitable castings attached thereto. Each casting 38 has braced impingement Walls and a runway for antifriction devices that are operable by the stress-transmitting castings .secured to the car body.

.Each casting. 38 has a base' portion 38u adapted to be riveted to and connect thetruck side-frame members 26 and 27. Fromthis base portion rise transversely extendL ing vertical Walls. 38D forming, With the base portion 38a, sockets forv the reception' of lugs and rollers F depending from a car body. (see Fig. 2). The Walls 38-b are braced by ribs 38c rising from the base and extending' longitudinally of such base portion, hence the draft casting 38 of the center truck is admirably adapted to connect the center truck sideiframemembers,-and also to transmit draftstresses..

The central truck member. frame, has'its side frames connected by transverse end sills j of each7 of the side frames ofthe 'same end'v or -end pieces 16, and intermediate transoms 45, the former being shown as channels and" the latter as I-beams, thou h any suitable construction inayxbe substltuted therefor. Transoms 45 are. here shown as equidistantly disposed on either side of the central transverse center line of the 'central truck som tie pieces together member, which also lpasses through the center of the pulling and bufhng castings 38.l

Connecting transoms 45, and equally disposed eitherside of the longitudinal median the intersection of the transverse and longitudinalmedian linesof the central truck member, is located a center pivot casting 47, securely aiiixed to and supported bysaid transom tie pieces 46.- The pivotca-sting 47 has a central vertical hole for the reception of a center pin 7 which lmay turn freely therein.

Central truck end sills 1-6, and' transoms 45, may be supplied with top and bottom cover plates, and transom tie plates 46 with top cover plates, as shown.' It is good prac# tice to stiften some or all of thel cover plates,

a's with angles, the end sill top cover plate being shown in Fig. 7 as being so rein- 'forced by .the angle 71,

The frames of end truck members, B and (l, are of like construction, having the herelinbefore mentioned side frame, comprising longitudinal members 24 and 25. The inner ends ofsaid side frames of each end truck memben are connected by an end sill 'in the form of a cross-bearer member 41, shown as wan 'I-beam of less depth than central truck member end sills 16 and suitably joined to the side `frames by connection angles or plates. The outer ends of said end truck member side frames are -illustrated as being connected'end sills in the form ofvertical channels 15, which .extend a` considerable distance below said side frames. Secured to the downward extensions of channels 15 of the side frames of "each end truck member, is a transverse end truck member end piece, such as a channel 14, suitably reinforced, if desired, by an angle 13 along its upper edge.

The longitudinal members 24 and 25 of the side frames are ypreferably provided with 'top and bottom` cover plates '11 and 12,

Which,'however, do not extend to the outer ends of said side` frames, thereby leaving space for inserting springs. A

EachA cross-bearer member 41 is provided with a top cover plate. 10, which overlaps `the top cover plate of one lof the central truckzmember end sills 16, and also .extends around over a portion `of members 24 and 25 in the form of castings, in which containers are rollers 40, uponv which the adjacent cross-bearer member 41 rests and is adapted to roll, thus partially supporting each endtruck member upon the central truck member.

The end vsill ber is relatively deep and the end sill or cross bearer truck member 41 of the end truck is relatively shalldw. The end sill .41

16 of the central truck memi is connected .tothe side-frame members 24A i and 25 by knee vbracesllla, andthe lower portions of the members 424-25 are cut l away at H to clear 4the Supporting brackets 39 and permitthe` lower edges of said side- .frame members of the' endtruck sections to occupy substantially the saine plane as the lower edge of the side-frame members of the central truck section. venient attachment of the journal box pedestals 20 to 23, inclusive.

The inner -end of each truck member has a yoke 49 Which isfsecured in the presentinstance to the cross-bearer memberl 41 and its top plate 10 by connection angles-and extends away`therefrom and substantially to the center ofthe central ltruck member.

These 'yokes may be constructed of- Z-bars 'and made to converge as they depart. from' This for conl'cross-beater'41 tov have V-sha'ped'formation. At the-'vertex of-the V, they are connected byangles 9' having inwardly' extending tive Z-bars;,' f by .said inwardly extending fit '-izo truck B ndthg-ewivel plate affiliated with flanges, `which angles are bent to conform to the inner face' of' the Webs of their respecfianges of each reinforcing angle 9 Vto av strengthening and swivel plate 8, which eX- tends beyond the Zfbar and is perforated for the passage offpivot Vpin 7. iThe latter passes through both swivelplatesS andv Ithrough the center pivot casting, and is re tained `in place; by a cotter pin or gib.

The swivel plate 8 attached to the yoke 23, their different constructions .are pro-A vided to permit 4the proper positioninglof the truck springs. vThe spring seats 3Q and springs 31 are. lowered between, longitudinal v'49 of end. truck vmember B, is placed -in a lower plane than the swivel plate of end truck'member C, that the latter' plate may ride upon the' former, and, as the bottom 'flanges of 'both Z-yokes are in the"l saine plane, a v.filler plate-'6y is inserted betW-eem the bottom-flange-Jofkthe. yoke of the endl The. xtre `e endl of the swivel pla-te carried' by they'o'ke' of' endtruck C is crimped and `owerl'a'ps the bottom flange of ythe yokel 49.'o f lend truck member B'. n Thusacompact, noniinterfering 'and self-positifji/retaining swiveling fconstru ctionf l is Adev'sed, so

When'center -pin 7 is'secured inplace.

Resting -upon the eb'ver plates -11 and'se- 2 5'. ofthe sideifframes' of eaeh end truck member "B .and C,"is a car body supporting 4`and guiding structure 42, b eingbypreference a casting.' Rollers' '4 3 are 4"contained .body'structure y i When either end truck member swivels,

I therein-upon which a ca rbody rests 'When there is aI swivelingof an end'truckvmember,there is ay vrelative longitudinal mo've ment between said -truck and the.v car body and the supporting rollers 43 practically eliminate friction therebetween.

An elongated opening 44 gis. presenti 'in eachk casting 42, 'and intoeach projects a 41s,

depending arm .or extension from the ca-r "theprojections from the' car body affiliated with' the `castings 4 2' on each side frameof 'v 50 i that truck member have relative longitudinal movement with respect to the slots they occupy. That -is to s'ay, due to the curvi linear path of travel of the castings 42 cari' ried bythe swiveling trucksside f ames,

one .of said' castings will move aw from .the central transverse plane ofthe trpck as a Whole, and the other 'castingwill move toward it. Therefore, when said end truck member is alined -With 'the' central truck member, the projections from the -.car 4'body Will occupy the middle'portion o'f vthe slots the. projectionfrom" thef Oppositegside. 'saidcarfbody will occupy apositloncorr spondingly nea-rer.' the opposite. :end of the' slot inthe casting on. that i side. Of the jend 1 There being twoiend truck' `r'ne1nbe1 s,' each having a pairof side` .frarnes ,'therejW1ll,be-

'fourguiding j and' supportingstructures; .42v

truck member to support and retain the car body' in subh stantially frictionless rela-tion' upon the Aarf ticulated truck, in such'manner as to per-'1,-`

mit Whatever lateral moyeme'ntifsaidjcar. body is.A necessitated by. track curvatures."

side frame members .24an'd 25,- a'ndpushed into' place under spring caps 32, the opera"-l tions being facilitated by the'pe'culiar shape i.'

'f of pedestals22.

In the central truck member', endl-sets of springs seats 3 0, springs 31 and movable spring' caps 33 may easily'be'dropped into place, betweenthe longitudinal side frame members26 and 27 But the central spring 'sets must below-ered between members 2.6

and 27 `and pushed into place, castings 23fbeing' specially. shaped to render theaccomplishment easy-. 1

`po t' n principally of U-shapfed4 section, but.

... EEZh Pedestal20'5/ 21, 22 and 23-has a main. I

.c'n erted near the top. into faul-shaped section. 'Pedestals 20 and 21 have upstanding arms 50- connected by the `web Aof the 'I-'shaped part .of the'mai'n portion, said I -shaped 4part aiding in retaining the springs 31 in place .and said -arms are detachable to the innerY faces of the longitudinal members of .the-truck 'side frames with whichv they:

are associated. r Each pedestal 23 has a single similar lu'pstanding arm.51, but' the vWeb of the I-shaped portion is vretained Within the main pedestal portion and does not obstruct springs 31 when they are forced into position and said arm is adapted to be attached to the outer face 'of one of said longitudinal members.

Pedestal 22 has' a horizontal integral los trough-shaped springsguide 52, adapted to span 'the space between said longitudinal side frame members, and said trough is vflanged for connection to them. Springs 31 are directed by guide 52 When being forced intoposition under spring cap 32.

v After all the springs, their seats and caps,

'are in place-,the equalizers`34 are properly positioned upon the movable spring caps and between the side frame longitudinal mem-bers and the hangerpins 37 inserted in the hangers depending from the equal-- izers, completing connections. The' equalizers 34 are preferably con- Structed ofl-beams,theinner end. ofeach of which is slit. The portion above theslit is pressed. outwardlyA and downwardly, and the .upper webv portion is vcaused to bear against and lap the web portion below' the slit, and both web portions are riveted to- 'gethen The inner ends of the equalizers are thus reduced in altitude and may pass beneath the draft castings 38, and permit ample clearance between said castlngs and themselves.

What I claim is:

1. An articulated pedestalv truck comprising a plurality of end truck members and a central truck member having a common pivotal connection, the central member supportingthe adjacent end4 of 'the end sections.

2. In an articulated pedestal truck, end members capable of connection with and swiveling movement with respect to,al car body, and commonly connected with an intermediate truck member capable. of movement transversely of said body, a plurality of Wheels and axles supporting all of said `truck 'members each truck member having such a number of wheels and axles as 1sv lproportionate tothe-load itis to sustain.

' 3. In an articulated pedestal truck, substantially co-extensive with a car body, and

comprising swiveling end truck members adapted to interlock with a car body and an intermediatel truck member adapted to Apartially support said end truck members and tomove transversely of said body, all the truck members having a common pivotal connection, and wheels and axles supporting all said truck members and disposed with regard lthereto 'in proportion to the load-sustaining capacities of each truck vmember and to give a long Wheel base.4

4. In an articulated truck adapted to supv port a car body,`end truck membersconnected to and swiveling from a point on an intermediate truck member adapted tol move transversely o f saidbody and having `side frames and pulling andA buliing stressl receiving. devices secured to each of said side frames. y

5. In an articulated truck for supporting acar body, end truck members commonlyy articulated with an intermediate truck member adapted to move transversely of said body, intermediate truck side frames comprisinga pair of' spaced longitudinal members, and pulling and buling stressreceiving castings spanning and secured to each pair of longitudinal members, and each having braced impingement Walls and 4a run-way for anti-friction devices operable by stress transmitters on said body.

v6. In a railway truck, end t-r'uck members,

'adapted to swivel transversely of a car body and independently ofeach other, each being Yarticulated with and at the center of plurality of end truck member supporting devices carried by said` intermediatetruck member adapted to partly support sald end.

truck members and to permit substantially frictionless movement between them and said intermediate truck member.

7. In a railway truck, end truck members each having. s ide frames and adapted to swivel transversely ofa ear body and independently of each other, each beingarticulated with and at. the 'center of swiveling of anintermediate truck .member transversely movable of said body, and car body supporting and guiding means comprising a pluralit-y of devices each secured in a uni.- formly load-distributing position upon each 4of said end truck side frames, each deyice vbeing capable .of curvilinear movement and comprising a supporting member .with aj -ed to coperate with stress transmitters on said. body, car body-supporting, guiding and position-retaining means on side frames 'of each end truck member adapted vto be overlapped. by said carbody and to cooperate with guiding and retaining means on said body.

9. In' an articulated truck, an intermediate traction-impulse-receiving. truck member movable transversely of a car body, 'oppositely 'extending swiveling end truck members on opposite sides thereof-having a common point of articulation With said intermediate truck member,each end member comprising side frames having spaced apartv longitudmal members suitably tied together, 'a cross-bearer member connecting inner ends of said side frames and having rollable support upon said intermediate truck member, vertically disposed connection pieces joining the outer ends of said longitudinal members in each `side frame and extending therebelow, and suitably shaped and reinforced end pieces connecting said connection pieces.

10. In a railway truck, swiveling end pedestal truck members, each articulated with and at the center of swiveling of an intermediate truck member transversely movable of al car body, side'vl frames `for each truck member spring-supported upon journal boxes slidably mounted in pedestals -'at. vtached to the respective sides thereof, .axles .into an Irshaped section, ajournal-box ,guideway 'in said U-shaped' portion, up-

revoluble in companion boxes and'4 wheels" .-mounted on said'axles, each 'pair of axle- .connected wheels having independent act-10m '11.' In a railway;- tru-ck, swiveling. end'- truckmembers having'` a common point of.

articulation with" van intermediate truck.

' -member adapted to movetransvers'ely of ay car body, fra-mes 'for -each end truckmem-- ber directly supported'upon springslmounted on a single-"pair of journal boxes, an axle, carrying wheels, and revoluble in said boxes, a framel for .said .intermediate truck member having. side-frames, a lurality of -equalizers within each side rame` `trom which the latter is hung .and groups. of springs resting on different` journal boxes and adapted to so support the several lequalizers that the axles and wheels revoluble in.` companion boxes have independent vertical movement. 12. In a railway truck, a truck frame having side frames, the lattereach compris? .ing spaced apart longitudinal' members,

pulling 'and huiing stressfreceiving devices spanning and mounted upon each set of said longitudinal members, and a plurality of equalizers positionedbetw'een the latter and passing vbeneath the stress-receiving -devices and being spring-supported upon .journal boxes, each equalizer con'iprising"` an I-beam slit at one end, with the upper portion depressed and the' web part thereof secured to the web part f standing arms each secured to an inner face of one of said members, laterally extending `flanges attached to flanges of the latter, the

web of said I-shaped portion 'connecting v said upstanding arms, and apedestal tie bar joining both pedestals.

j. M14.. In a railway truck, side 'iframes each. 5 0

comprising av pair of laterally 'spaced flanged members, a pair of appropriately separated pedestals positioned therebelow, each comprising a 'main portion. principally of U-shaped section but 'converted near the top into an I-shaped section,` a journal box guideway in said U-shaped portion, attachment means for one pedestal comprising a pair of upstanding' arms connected by the web of said I-shaped portion and each havingan outstanding flange, attachment -means for the other pedestal comprising a single upstanding arm and an outstanding {iai-ige on. said main portion, the former -mean'sfgbeing attached to inner V.faces and ianges,aiid. the vlatter meansv to an outer face and a flange, of saidnembers, the V.l1-shape' portiony of` the l second-mentioned pedestal terminating within said main portion, and

a pedestal tiebar connecting both pedes'tals.` 15. In a railway' truck, side vframes each members, 'a pairfof appropriately separated .pedestalspositioned' therebelow oneoomi prising a main yportion principally of U-shaped section but converted near the top.

into an I-shaped section, 'a journal'box' guideway in said U-shapedportion, integral "7o comprising a pair of laterally spaced-flanged uPSta-nding arms connected; by the-web of: Y

4said lI-sha'ped. portion'e'ach'secured f to an.

inner face of yone ofsaid members, and outstanding iianges attached to; the anges of the latter and the other comprising a main vertical portion principally of. U-shaped sec'- tion but at the top expanded into a horizontally disposed trough-shapedspring guide,

spanning said members and 4iia'nges Vfor attachment to flanges of 'the latter, .and a vjour- .nal box guideway in said `U- s haped portion,

and a pedestal tie bar connecting both pedestalsi 16;. In a railway truck,- side frames each comprisinga pair of laterally spaced flangedmembers, pedestals depending therefrom,

journal boxes with spring positioning means` slidably mounted therebetween, spring seats co-acting with said positioning. means mounted l on said boxes, springs in said arsl spring seats, and, reinforced spring caps vbearing upon said springs] and .and between'said members.

.1.7. In a railway truck', side frameseach comprising a pair of laterally spaced vlongitudinal members supporting a plurality of pairs of pedestals each pair guiding a journal box, springs mounted upon each journal box, movable cap-plates superimposed on the springs of eachvbox', oppo 'si`tely extending equalizers positioned between said members and commonly supported upon the capplate of a central spring set and each supported upon the cap-plate of aspring set f located atone side .-"of said central set, in

verted U-shaped hangers 'attached to and supported by and embracing said equalizers, and hanger pins in each hanger supporting saidmembers. i l

18. In an articulated truck, swiveling end truck members/having inwardly extending perforated yokes, and an intermediate truck member, comprising side frames including spaced apart longitudinal members, end vpieces and tr'ansoms connecting said side Aframes, spaced apart longitudinal transom tie pieces joining said'transoms, a central.

pivot-holding device located between andsecured to said transom tie pieces, and a5 pivot passing through saidv yoke perf0rations and central pivot-holding device.

19. In an' articulated truck,` endl truck members and an intermediate truck mem- -ber, a perforated centrally located pivot plates and pivot casting.4

20. In ,an articulated` truck, a central section and end sections, all pivotally connected together ata common point, said sections each having side frame members and draft transmitting means on said side frame members adapted to interlock with cooperating cans von a car body.

21. An articulated truck comprising a central section and interconnected end section supported on brackets extending from the central section.

22. In an articulated truck,` a central truck section and end truck sections, each of Which isprovided with a side frame which is adapted to. interlock with a car body.

23. In an articulated truck, a central truck member having side frames and end sills, brackets extending from said end sills and end truck 'members having end sillsl supported by said brackets.

24. In an articulated truck, a 'central truck member and end truck members each having pairs of side frame members spaced apart on its opposite sides'and castingsadapted to interlock with means on a car body-connecting the members of said pairs of side frame members. v

25. In a truck, a side. frame comprising spaced members and means connecting said spaced members adapted to have an interlocking engagement with a car body.

' '26. In an articulated truck, a central section and end sections pivot'ally connected together and to the central section, each of said sections comprising side frames each of which is formed of spaced members and means connecting said lspaced members adapted to have an interlocking engagement with a car body.

27 An articulated truck comprising three Copies ot this patent may be obtained for interconnected sections each of Which includes .spaced and connectedj,s1de framesaln combination with means connected with eachside frame adapted to interlock With a 28. A truck side frame comprising spaced members anda draft casting connecting said members.

29. An 4articulated pedestal truck comprising. a central vsection and end sections each of which is. provided With socketed draft transmitting -castings thereupon and the draft transmitting Castings of the end sections including friction reducing means.

30. In combination, three pivotally' connected truck sections each .of which has spaced side frames vWith draft Vcastings mounted thereon and journal box pedestals4 lapping and depending from said side frames.

' 31. In combination, three pivotally conl nected truck sections each of which has spaced side frames, With draft castings mounted thereon, one of the truck sections being provided with longitudinally extended friction reducing supporting means and each of the other truck sections including an end sill mounted on one of said 'supporting means.

3:2. In combination, spring l.supported equalizers, side frame members supported by said equalizer-s, draft castings connected to the side frame members, means connecting the side frames on opposite sides of the truck and end truck sections supported on said connecting means. ,Y

33. In combination, a center truck sectio comprising pairs of spaced side frame members, springs supported between the members of each palr, a plural part equalizer JOHN M.*R(`)HLFING.

Witnesses: I

JAMES J. Coornn, Ronn'n J. .SCHEIBLI.

ive cents each, by addressing' the "Commissioner ot Patents, Washington, D. 0." 

